Start with the binary representation of the Catalan constant (A104338, A006752) = 0.91596559... = sum_{i=1..infinity} b(i)/2^i, where b(i)=1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,1,1,1,1.... Then a(n-1)=sum_{i=1..k: sum_{ j = 1..k} b(j)=n} b(i) * 2^(i-1). In words: scan the binary digits of the number, halt at each nonzero binary digit, add a power of 2 corresponding to the place of this digit after the comma, assign current partial sum to a(n), increment n.

A113860

Start with the binary representation of the Catalan constant (A104338, A006752) = 0.91596559... = sum_{i=1..infinity} b(i)/2^i, where b(i)=1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,1,1,1,1.... Then a(n-1)=sum_{i=1..k: sum_{ j = 1..k} b(j)=n} b(i) * 2^(i-1). In words: scan the binary digits of the number, halt at each nonzero binary digit, add a power of 2 corresponding to the place of this digit after the comma, assign current partial sum to a(n), increment n.